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Determination of content of organic compounds in biochar
Novotná, Martina ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Mravcová, Ludmila (advisor)
Biochar is created during the pyrolysis of organic biomass. Once added into the soil, it can improve its features. Biochars made from sewage sludge have various compositions. It is because of the vast difference between entrance materials. Organic pollutants can be absorbed into its surface during the cooling proces sof pyrolysis. If released into the enviroment, these compounds can cause inhibition of plant growth, get into food chains and adversely affect living organisms. Organic pollutans are determined most often by GC/MS after organic solvent extraction.
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Methods of removing persistant polutants (dioxins)
Ferdan, Tomáš ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Pařízek, Tomáš (advisor)
The bachelor‘s thesis deals with rise of dioxins in waste-to-energy system in municipal waste incinerator and with technologies for their removal. The thesis speaks commonly about characteristics of dioxins and about their influence on environment and health in the first part. Furthermore are outlined the ways of dioxins production and the emission limits for off-gas. The second part of the bachelor’s thesis includes description of commonly used methods for removing dioxins from off-gas. There are mentioned their main advantages, disadvantages and compared efficiency of individual methods.
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Determination of content of organic compounds in biochar
Novotná, Martina ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Mravcová, Ludmila (advisor)
Biochar is created during the pyrolysis of organic biomass. Once added into the soil, it can improve its features. Biochars made from sewage sludge have various compositions. It is because of the vast difference between entrance materials. Organic pollutants can be absorbed into its surface during the cooling proces sof pyrolysis. If released into the enviroment, these compounds can cause inhibition of plant growth, get into food chains and adversely affect living organisms. Organic pollutans are determined most often by GC/MS after organic solvent extraction.
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Methods of removing persistant polutants (dioxins)
Ferdan, Tomáš ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Pařízek, Tomáš (advisor)
The bachelor‘s thesis deals with rise of dioxins in waste-to-energy system in municipal waste incinerator and with technologies for their removal. The thesis speaks commonly about characteristics of dioxins and about their influence on environment and health in the first part. Furthermore are outlined the ways of dioxins production and the emission limits for off-gas. The second part of the bachelor’s thesis includes description of commonly used methods for removing dioxins from off-gas. There are mentioned their main advantages, disadvantages and compared efficiency of individual methods.
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Formation and Elimination of Emissions of PCDD/F at Combustion of Waste Plastic Materials
Veselý, Václav ; Hanika, Jiří ; Lederer, J. ; Nečesaný, F. ; Kukačka, J.
The effect of individual components of waste plastic materials (forming the alternative fuel) was studied. The attention was paid to formation of emissions of polychlorinated dioxins and furanes. Process arrangements were proposed that led to their reduction. Combustion tests were executed on a model unit with thermal output of 50 kW. It was proved that the dominant effect on content of PCDD/F in flue gases had the presence of PET and PVC. To reduce emissions of persistent organic compounds it was possible to use the second stage high-temperature combustion in the layer of CaO or dolomite. But by this arrangement the emissions of Cl2 or HCl were not reduced.
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